What do clindamycin capsules look like

Clindamycin is metabolized predominantly by CYP3A4, and to a lesser extent by CYP3A5, to the major metabolite clindamycin sulfoxide and minor metabolite N-desmethylclindamycin. Therefore inhibitors of CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 may increase plasma concentrations of clindamycin and inducers of these isoenzymes may reduce plasma concentrations of clindamycin. In the presence of strong CYP3A4 inhibitors, monitor for adverse reactions.

In the presence of strong CYP3A4 inducers such as rifampicin, monitor for loss of effectiveness. Long-term studies in animals have not been performed with clindamycin to evaluate carcinogenic potential.

Genotoxicity tests performed included a rat micronucleus test and an Ames Salmonella reversion test. Both tests were negative. In clinical trials with pregnant women, the systemic administration of clindamycin during the second and third trimesters, has not been associated with an increased frequency of congenital abnormalities.

Clindamycin should be used during the first trimester of pregnancy only if clearly needed. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women during the first trimester of pregnancy. Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of the human response, this drug should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed.

Limited published data based on breast milk sampling reports that clindamycin appears in human breast milk in the range of less than 0. Clindamycin has the potential to cause adverse effects on the breast-fed infant's gastrointestinal flora. If oral or intravenous clindamycin is required by a nursing mother, it is not a reason to discontinue breastfeeding, but an alternate drug may be preferred. Monitor the breast-fed infant for possible adverse effects on the gastrointestinal flora, such as diarrhea, candidiasis thrush, diaper rash or rarely, blood in the stool indicating possible antibiotic-associated colitis.

The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother's clinical need for clindamycin and any potential adverse effects on the breast-fed child from clindamycin or from the underlying maternal condition.

Clinical studies of clindamycin did not include sufficient numbers of patients age 65 and over to determine whether they respond differently from younger patients. These patients should be carefully monitored for the development of diarrhea. Pharmacokinetic studies with clindamycin have shown no clinically important differences between young and elderly subjects with normal hepatic function and normal age-adjusted renal function after oral or intravenous administration.

Infections and Infestations: Clostridium difficile colitis. Esophageal ulcer has been reported. An unpleasant or metallic taste has been reported after oral administration.

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Generalized mild to moderate morbilliform-like maculopapular skin rashes are the most frequently reported adverse reactions.

Cases of Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis AGEP , erythema multiforme, some resembling Stevens-Johnson syndrome, anaphylactic shock, anaphylactic reaction and hypersensitivity have also been reported.

Skin and Mucous Membranes: Pruritus, vaginitis, angioedema and rare instances of exfoliative dermatitis have been reported. See Hypersensitivity Reactions. Liver: Jaundice and abnormalities in liver function tests have been observed during clindamycin therapy.

Hematopoietic: Transient neutropenia leukopenia and eosinophilia have been reported. Reports of agranulocytosis and thrombocytopenia have been made. No direct etiologic relationship to concurrent clindamycin therapy could be made in any of the foregoing.

In the mice, convulsions and depression were observed. Adults: Serious infections — to mg every 6 hours. More severe infections — to mg every 6 hours. Clindamycin should be dosed based on total body weight regardless of obesity. Upjohn TR , December This product's label may have been updated. For current full prescribing information, please visit www.

Get the latest public health information from CDC. Home Drug Database Clindamycin. Drug Database: Clindamycin. Drug Database Search Drug Database search. Anthelmintic Benzimidazole. Antibacterial Glycopeptide.

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Disseminated Mycobacterium avium Complex Disease. Toxoplasma gondii Encephalitis. Human Herpesvirus-8 Diseases. Herpes Simplex Virus Disease. Varicella-Zoster Virus Diseases. Hepatitis B Virus Infection. If possible, the doctor should take samples from the infection site to determine which bacteria are causing the infection. Clindamycin capsules may irritate the esophagus, which is the tube that runs from the mouth to the stomach.

To prevent this irritation, people may wish to take clindamycin capsules with a full glass of water. For people who have difficulty swallowing, clindamycin comes in granules that dissolve in water. The cream comes with an applicator. A person can insert the amount of one applicator, which is around mg of clindamycin, into the vagina once daily at bedtime for 3 or 7 consecutive nights.

Cleocin vaginal cream is safe for pregnant people to use in the second and third trimesters. A pregnant person requires 7 days of treatment. Pregnant people should not use clindamycin vaginal suppositories.

Researchers have yet to confirm the safety of suppositories during pregnancy. To use a suppository, a person can insert one suppository pill — which is equivalent to mg of clindamycin — into the vagina once daily at bedtime for 3 consecutive nights.

Doctors prescribe clindamycin lotions , gels , and solutions to treat acne. Topical clindamycin can cause diarrhea. Anyone who has had colitis should avoid using this treatment.

If a person has a very serious infection and cannot take other antibiotics, they may receive injectable clindamycin at the hospital. One of the most common side effects of many antibiotics is diarrhea. Sometimes, people experience severe diarrhea when taking clindamycin. Clindamycin can alter the bacterial composition of the colon and cause an overgrowth of the Clostridium difficile bacterium. This bacterium produces toxins that can cause C.

CDAD is a severe and life threatening infection. If a person develops CDAD while taking clindamycin, the doctor will immediately stop their treatment with the antibiotic.

People using a clindamycin solution or lotion for acne may report skin-related side effects, including:. For example, when an individual uses Clindagel for acne, the most common side effects are itchiness and skin peeling. People rarely experience diarrhea or colitis after using clindamycin topically. However, some people do report abdominal disturbances. Clindamycin suppositories and vaginal creams may cause the same side effects as the oral or injectable forms.

People with a history of pseudomembranous or ulcerative colitis should not take clindamycin. These two conditions cause severe inflammation of the lining of the intestine. Doctors should only prescribe clindamycin to people who have bacterial infections. This helps reduce the resistance that bacteria can develop to clindamycin.

Historically, anesthesiologists have worried that clindamycin could delay the effectiveness of neuromuscular blocking agents through surgeries. More recently, however, researchers have found that the drug may enhance the effect of a blocking agent. When people take oral forms of clindamycin, the liver enzyme CYP3A4 breaks it down in the body. Stimulating the function of this enzyme can cause a decrease in levels of clindamycin.

If something inhibits CYP3A4, clindamycin levels may increase in the blood. Certain drugs can affect the functioning of CYP3A4. When a person is taking CYP3A4 stimulants along with clindamycin, doctors must follow up and make sure that the antibiotic is working. If a person is taking an inhibitor of CYP3A4 with clindamycin, the increased levels of the antibiotic may cause side effects.

Doctors should monitor any increase in adverse effects. Lincomycin is only available as an injectable solution, and doctors prescribe it for serious infections. Clindamycin is an effective antibiotic for a variety of serious infections. People can also use clindamycin for treating acne. However, there are many possible side effects of clindamycin.